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Method note · 2 September 2026

How often the Copilot's citations actually hold

The question is not whether it returned a relevant record. It is whether the record it cited supports the sentence citing it. That is harder to measure, and this is that measurement.

100%citation validity: every cited record exists and was retrieved (60 of 60)
89.8%of claims judged supported by the records cited (53 of 59)
100%of out-of-corpus controls refused (8 of 8)
3.5citations per answer on average, 6.0 seconds mean latency

60 records were sampled per condition, with a fixed seed, plus 8 out-of-corpus controls, against the live system. The figures above are the paraphrased condition, the honest one: asking a record its own question back flatters retrieval.

Claim support is scored by a different model from the one that writes the answers. The judge sees only the sentence and the records it cites, never the question, so a fluent answer cannot talk its way past it.

An earlier figure of 96.7% was retired rather than reused. It was measured on an older design where the citation was correct by construction, so it described retrieval, not accuracy.

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